Floats for the Sanno Festival

Sarutori no With the monkey and the rooster Anai ni haru wa Guiding, spring arrives Tajikarao Tajikarao Ama no iwado wo Auspiciously opening Akete medetaki Heaven’s boulder door —Shinyo ¯tei Zenko ¯ Yo mo sude ni The night has already broken Ake nanatsume no In the seventh Tora no tsuki Tiger moon Senri Do ¯fu ¯ For a thousand miles unbroken Odayakana haru The calm breezes of spring —Hyakujusai Hiromaru This series of small festival floats, with its procession of zodiac animals, suggests movement through time, while the inscription on the far left confirms that the year is the “Spring of the Monkey” (1824), the seventh of the Bunsei Era, which opened with a Year of the Tiger in 1818. This succession of floats is typical of the Sanno ¯and Kanda festivals, which took place in alternating years in the middle of the sixth month. The tiger has here taken the place of the usual pair of karashishi (Chinese lion dogs) that led the parade, followed by the standard cock and monkey (referred to together as sarutori). As the Kanda festival used a pure white rooster, the Sanno ¯ a speckled bird, the festival depicted here must be the latter. The appearance of a rooster on a signal drum in this manner was a symbol of extended peace, as emphasized in the second poem. The signal drum in traditional China was used only to summon troops in times of calamity, so if birds roosted in them, they were clearly not in use, meaning all was well in the realm. The first poem suggests that the monkey and rooster assisted in the mythical scene of Amaterasu’s emergence from her cave of seclusion, making a pivot with haru wa tachi (“spring stands”) and Tajikarao, the physically powerful god who opened the boulder door and pulled her out. The float of the monkey, which takes the position of honor here, depicts this animal in human dress, wearing a courtier’s hat and robes and holding votive papers on a stick (gohei) as he stands among a bed of bamboo. The second poem continues the daybreak metaphor, describing the moon of the tiger hour (4 to 6 a.m.), the last before the dawn.